![]() ![]() And he invested in Helen Cordero of Cochiti Pueblo. One of those investors was an art dealer from Albuquerque named Alexander Girard. ![]() Some potters were lucky in that they were able to attract investors, traders who saw the value in helping individual artists develop their craft. As other pottery-producing pueblos missed that trainwreck and were beginning to develop a market with pottery-as-art, those hit hardest by the railroad traders began to adapt their products and develop their own art market, too. In the pueblos most involved in that business, pottery production dropped off to only what was needed for ceremonial or utilitarian purposes. That opened up a period of higher and higher production of progressively lesser and lesser quality pottery until they finally destroyed their market. The railroads changed that as traders from the railroad companies went into some of the pueblos and "pre-ordered" specific types of pottery they could resell as tourist trinkets. That was also when many Tewas from the Galisteo Basin area and upper Rio Grande were recruited by the Hopi to come there and help to protect the Hopi pueblos from future Spanish incursions and from marauding Utes and Dineh.īy the time the railroads arrived, pueblo potters were back in business, although on a lesser scale as the use of utilitarian pottery dropped off when traders with enamel cookware came through in the mid-1800s and pottery as art hadn't happened yet. That was in 1700 CE, and except for a few ritual specialists, the entire pueblo was destroyed with most residents being burned to death in that destruction. Then the village of Awatovi (on Antelope Mesa to the east of First Mesa) was destroyed, primarily because that was the only village in the Tusayan area where a full-size Christian mission was actually built and completed. The Hopi mesas after the Pueblo Revolt were an area of intense cross-pollination of ideas, designs and techniques for the making of pottery. Spanish monks and officials visited Hopi now and then but their military never really went there.Įagle storyteller with three children Loren Wallowing Bull, Jemez 4.5 in H by 7.5 in Dia Puebloan religion, languages and oral histories were not a target so much for destruction with the Jesuits, and they were allowed to survive underground.Īt the same time, there were masses of people from almost every pueblo who fled to the Hopi mesas after 1692. Things were different this time as the Franciscans were replaced with a kinder group of Jesuits and those monks were not allowed to enslave the local populations to build greater and greater missions for the glory of a God that seemed to so horribly discriminate against the people. By 1696 they had either conquered the pueblos or the pueblos had capitulated. Then in 1692 the Spanish came back and stayed. Then they would loot what they could and burn the place down. The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 was somewhat successful but the Spaniards kept coming back and assaulting the more southern pueblos along the Rio Grande. ![]() Eventually the people had more than enough and the situation blew up militarily: those Spaniards and monks who weren't outright killed where they were found were chased back to Chihuahua. The Puebloans just went underground with their religion and languages and kept telling their oral histories to their children, who grew up and repeated those same stories to their children. While a significant number of crypto-Jews were in that mass of Spaniards, there were also many Franciscan monks who systemmatically set about destroying all traces of indigenous history, language and religion. That time was during the European invasion, specifically the Spanish invasion during the Spanish Inquisition. However, there was a time not long ago when the making of figures was banned and the makers were punished. Fast forward to today and there's a whole universe of effigies and figures in the Native American pottery world. Pottery figures of animals and humans have been found near Valdivia, Ecuador and were dated to about 3,500 years before the present. Storyteller with ten children Helen Cordero, Cochiti 10.25 in H by 10 in DiaĬlay figures have been present in New World pottery for thousands of years. ![]()
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